Pump



Sept. 12, 1944. W, C HESS 2,358,275

PUMP

Filed May 24, 1941 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 ATTORNEYS I Sept. '12, 1944. c.'HESS 2,358,275-

' PUMP Filed May 24, 1941 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 1 wgns c fh i's;

ATTORNEYS Patented Sept. 12, 19 44 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Willis C.Hess, Bufi'alo, N. Y., assignor to Trico Products Corporation, Bufialo,N. Y.

Application May 24, 1941, Serial No. 395,075

12 Claims.

This invention relates to novel pumping means and has particularapplicability in the automotive field in providing fluid difierentialpressure for the operation of accessories for internal combustionengines and automotive' vehicles with which they are associated.

My improved pump is of the rotary ype and, in one aspect, presents novelpumping means of the rotary, inter-engaging impellertype. In a furtheraspect, my invention presents novel dual pumping means, wherein the dualpumping means are interdependent. Among the advantages attendant uponuse of the pumping means of my 10 is a cross-sectional view taken on theline X-X of Fig. 9.

In the drawings like characters of reference denote like partsthroughout the several figures and, referring first to the form of theinvention shown in Figs. 1 through 8, the numeraldesignates generally asupporting element for the pumping device, such supporting elementcomprising a bearing portion II and a wall portion |2.' A cupped housingI3 is engageable against the wall portion I2 and may be secured inengaged invention is relatively improved continuity of Y flow; that is,objectionable surging in the pressure output is alleviated. Anotheradvantage resides in the relafively simple and effective sealing actionof my improved pumping means. The invention further resides in certainsalient. features of construction whereby the general efliciency of formof pumping device embodying the principles of my invention; v

Fig. 2 is an end 'elevational view of this form of the invention;

fig.3isaviewtakensimilarlytoFig.2but with all of the parts excepting thesupporting element removed;

ig- 4 is a cross-sectional view taken line IVIV of Fig. 1;

Fig. is an end elevational view of the device taken in the oppositedirection from Fig. 2;

Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken on the line VIVI of Fig. 2showing only the support and the cover member which cooperate to formthe pump casing; v

Fig. 'I is a fragmentary cross-sectional view taken on the ilne VII-VIIof Fig. 5;

onthe position by screws Id. The cupped housing l3,

together with the wall portion l2 provides a compartment I5 for encasingmovable pumping elements in a manner which will presently appear. In theillustrated embodiments the compartment I5 is circular in form and thebearing portion ll of the supporting element I0 is so arranged as tosupport a drive shaft l6 for rotation on an axis which in the embodimentnow being described is coincident with the axis of the circularcompartment I5 formed by the cupped housing l3 and the wall portion ofthe supporting Fig. 8 is an exploded perspective view showing in detailthe swingingabutment which serves to divide the intake and exhaustchambers of one of the pumping units of the device together with itssupporting and locating means;

.Fig. 9 is a view similar to Fig. 1 of amodified form of the inventionand with portions shown in elevation; and

element Ill.

Theshatt llihasfixed to its end within the interior of the circularcompartment IS a circular piston element l8 which is disposed with itsgeometric center eccentric with respect to the axis of the shaft IS. Thecircular piston element i8 is of less diameter than the circularcompartment |5 and in fact the eccentricity of the circular pistonelement I8 is preferably substantially equal to the difierence in radiusbetween the circular compartment l5 and the circular piston element l8whereby the periphery of the circular piston l8 abuts the innerperiphery of the cupped housing l3. As the shaft I6 is rotated the pointof tangency between the peripheries of the circular piston element l8and the circular compartment l5 moves about the inner periphery of thecupped housing I3. 7

Due tovthe presence of the circular piston element l8 and its relativedisposition in the circular compartment IS, the remaining space whichprovides the pump chamber proper is of substantially crescent shape asappears from a consideration of Fig. 4. At any convenient point aboutits periphery the circular compartment is provided with a recess 20which may receive a swinging .abutment member 2|, which abutment memberhas a pivot portion 22 disposed in an arcuate opening formed in the cupshaped housing member l3 for giving pivotal support to the swingingabutmight be held in engagement with the periphery of the circularpiston element I8 by the force of gravity alone, it is preferred toprovide resilient means to insure such engagement in a certain butyieldable manner.

For the detailed construction of the swinging abutment 2| and itsresilient urging means, reference is had to Figs. 1, 4, and 8, thelatter being an exploded perspective view showing the swinging abutmentmember and the resilient supporting means in disassembled relation. Thepivot portion 22 of the swinging abutment 2| is provided with an axialopening for receiving one end of a torsion spring 24, the adjacent endof which is anchored in an opening 25 which forms an extension of thespring receiving opening in the pivot portion 22.

The opposite end of the spring 24 is disposed in an opening formed in astud member 26 which is in turn disposed in an opening formed in thewall portion I2 of the supporting element I0, such-opening being formedas an axial extension of the opening in the pivot portion 22 of theswinging abutment 2 I. The stud member 26 is provided with a headportion 21 which is offset as at 28, the offset being provided with anopening for receiving a screw 29 which is threaded into the wall portionI2 of the supporting element ID. The end of the spring 24 which isdisposed in the opening in the stud member 26 is anchored in a smalleropening 30 which forms an extension of the primary spring receivingopening.

The initial tension in the torsion spring 24 is so arranged-as to urgethe swinging abutment member 2| in a clockwise direction as viewed inFig. 4 so that its outer end is held resiliently in engagement with theperiphery of the circular piston element I8. When it is desired to alterthe initial tension of the spring 24, the locking screw 29 is removed.and the stud 26 is rotated in its opening in the wall I2 in eitherdirection depending upon whether it is desired to wind the springtighter or relax its tension by unwinding.

It will be noted that the abutment member 2| divides the crescent shapedpumping chamber, as it appears in Fig. 4, into an intake chamber, whichis disposed to the left of the abutment member 2| in Fig. 4, and anexhaust chamber,

whichis disposed to the right of the abutment member in that figure. Therotation of the circular piston element I8 is in a counter-clockwisedirection, as viewedin Fig. 4, and it will be noted that during itseccentric rotation, the portion ,3I thereof, which is in peripheralengagement with the inner wall of the cup shaped housing I3,

moves therealong in a counter-clockwise direction which tends to reducethe size of the exhaust chamber at the right of the abutment member- 2|and increase the size of the inlet chamber to the left of the abutmentmember 2|.

movement of the piston elementfrom such position brings the then fullyenlarged inlet chamber to a position where it becomes an exhaust chamberby virtue of movement of the portion 3| of the piston element I8 pastthe abutment member 2| permitting the latter to again move out of itsrecess 20.

For utilizing the expanding and contracting chambers to displace fluid,an opening is provided in the inner peripheral wall of the cup shapedhousing I3 asat 32 and such opening is connected with a source of fluidas by a conduit 33 which may be secured to the housing I3 in anyconvenient manner. The opening 32 then constitutes an intake port. Theexhaust for this pump association is formed in the wall of the recessand is designated 35 in Fig. '7. The port 35 communicates with a passage36 which continues'into the wall portion I2 of the supporting element I0 and issues from the latter, as at 31 in Fig. 6. It is believed thatthe' manner in .which. fluid will be more or less continuously drawninto the pumping device so far described through the conduit 33and port32 and discharged at terminus 31 of the passage 36 so long as rotationof the eccentric piston element continues will be clear from theforegoing description.

While the particular pumping means thus far described may have a varietyof independent applications, my present invention involves, in additionto such independent use, the novel combination of the foregoing pumpingmeans with a second pumping unit intimately associated with theforegoing pump but arranged, at least in the present exemplary instance,in such manner that it may be used for pumping an entirely separatefluid.

One practical application of the combined pumping means here generallyreferred to involves arranging one of the pumping units for generatingfluid differential pressure to operate accessories and adjuncts for usewith-internal combustion engines, with the other pumping unit utilizedto develop pressure for force feed lubrication. In this particularinstance of-use, the lubricant under pressure in one of the pumps may beused to provide a fluid seal for the other pump unit.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 4 particularly, the circular piston element I8is formed with circularly arranged internal gear teeth 40 whose pitchcircle is preferably struck from the geometric center of the circularcompartment I5. In the form shown in Figs. 1 through '7 a pinion 42 isdisposed for free rotation by means of a central shaft 43 which may becarried in the wall of the cupped housing I3, as appears best fromFig. 1. The teeth of the pinion 42 mesh with the internal gear teeth 40whereby counterclockwise. rotation of the piston element I8 producescounterclockwise rotation of the pinion 42.

The pinion 42 and the internal gear teeth 40 are arranged to cooperateto form a gear pump and to this end a crescent shaped abutment 45 isdisposed between the respective peripheries of ignates an inlet portformed in the outer wall of the cupped housing I3 and emerging at theinner face thereof at a point where fluid is drawn in by the gear pump.The numeral 48 designates a corresponding discharge port oppositelylocated and likewise formed in the cupped housing l3. The ports 4! and48 are formed with continuing passages 49 and 50, respectively, each ofwhich extends through the cupped housing l3 and the complementary wallportion 1 2 to emerge from the latter, as appears in Fig. 5.

Suitable conduits may be connected to the terminal portions ofthepassages 49 and 50. If the pump unit 40, 42'is utilized as alubricant pump for an internal combustion engine, as suggested above,the emergence of the passages 49' and 50 from the wall l2 may bearranged to be disposed within the crank case of such engine.

The shaft l6 may be provided with a central bore 52, a transversepassage 53, and a flattened portion 54, all as shown in Fig. 1. In thisway a portion of the lubricant placed under pressure by the pump 40, 42'is utilized in lubricating the bearing ll of the shaft 16. Lubricantwhichescapes from the bearing H to the right as seen in Fig. 1 assistsin sealing the outer'pump unit l8,

l and lubricant passing to the left as seen inFig.1isreturnedtothecrankcasewhehthe device is associated with aninternal comhus tion engine.

Lubricant under presure which escapes from the gear pump 48, 42 throughpaths other than the discharge port 48 serves to provide a fluidseal'for the operation of the circular piston II in the-pumpingcompartment IS, with the peripheral wall of the compartment IS as wellas with the abutment II and the radial walls of the pumping compartment;Because of the very useful purpose which lubricant escaping from thepump 4|, 4! serves, the necessity for accurate fitting of thesepartswith respect to their enclosing casing is relaxed to a. certainextent. Lu-' bricant which does so escape from the pump 40,

42 into the outer pump becomes entrained in the output fluid of theouterpump which, it will be noted, is delivered back into the engine crankcase as at 31, when the device is associated with derstood clearly fromthe detailed description of the foregoing embodiment, to which referencemay be had for particulars not describedin connection with theembodiment of Figs. 9 and 10.

form of pump the drawings anddescribed in detail in the foregoingspecification, it is to be understood that the spirit and scope of myinvention is not to be considered as limited thereto, or otherwise thanas defined in the appended claims.

What is claimed is: I

1. In a pump, a casing having a substantially circular compartment, aninternal gear element means associated with said casing andcontinudisposed for concentric rotation in said circular compartment, apinion element disposed for rotation in intermeshing engagement withsaid internal gear, and a peripheral cam contour on said internal gearand including a projecting cam lobe for tangential sealing engagementwith the wall of the circular compartment, one of said two mentionedelements being adapted to be rotated to constitute drive means .for saidpump, means disposed between said gear and said pinion to divide thespace therebetween and form intake and exhaust pumping compartments,

and yieldable means associated with said casing and continuouslyyieldably engaging the peripheral cam contour of said internal gear toform a pair of pumping compartments, said cam lobe.

being adapted to move said yieldabl means out 0.1? its path of movementduring its fluid displacing operation.

2. In a. pump, a casing having a substantially mentionedelements beingadapted to be rotated 1 to constitute drive means for said pump, meansdisposed betwecn said gear and said pinion to form intake and exhaustpumping compartments in said first pumping chamber, and yieldable ouslythe peripheral cam contour of saidintemalgeartoformapairofpumpingcompartments in said second pumping chamber. 3. In a pump, a casinghaving a substantially cylindrical compartment, an internal gear elementdisposed for concentric rotation in said cylindrical compartment, saidinternal gear element engaging the end wallsof said cylindrical Theprincipal diflerence in the case of the embodiment of Figs. 9 and 10 isthat the pinion. designated II in Figs. 9 and 10, is the driving memberand the circular piston, here designated 'lListhe driven member.

compartmmtto form a closed pumping chamber within internal gear elementand asecond closed pumping chamber between the outside of said gearelement and the interior cylindrical wall of said compartment, a pinionelement dis- 'Ihe pinion 1| is securedto adrive shaft 12 which in thismodification is disposed eccentrl- Q cally in the pumping chamberdesignated I4. The crescent shaped abutment member designated II inFigs. 9 and 10, is shown fol-convenience as integral with the supportingelement, designated 18, the latter corresponding to the supportingelement ll of the first-described embodiment.ltwillbenotedthatinfigslland 10 the supporting element It provides thecup shaped housing, as at 80, and a cover plate II is provided therefor.

The circular piston may, in this form, be jour naled for tree rotationin the cover plate 0| as at It.

While two specific examples of the application of the principles or myinvention are shown in posed forrotation in intermeshing engagement withsaid internal gear, and a peripheralcam contour on said internal gearand including a projecting lobe for tangential sealing engage ment withthe wall of the circular compartment,

- lel end walls-,an internal gear; element disposed for concentricrotation in said'circular compart- V the peripheral cam contour of .said

internal gear to form partments.

4. In apump, a casing comprising a substantially circular having spacedn la pair of pumping compinion element disposed for rotation inintermeshing engagement with said internal gear and supported by theother of said end walls. and a, peripheral cam contour on said internalgear and including a projecting lobe for tangential sealing engagementwith the wall of the circular compartment, one of said two mentionedelements being adapted to be rotated to constitute drive means for saidpump, means disposed between said gear and said pinion to form intakeand exhaust pumping compartments, and yieldable means associated withsaid casing and continuously engaging the peripheral cam contour of saidinternal gear to form apair of pumping compartments.

5. In a pump, a casing comprising a substantially circular compartmenthaving spaced parallel end walls, an internal gear disposed forconcentric rotation in said circular compartment, a drive shaftjournaled in one of said end walls and fixed to said internal gear forrotating the same, a pinion disposed in intermeshing engagement withsaid internal gear and supported for free rotation by the other ofsaid'end walls, and a peripheral cam contour on said internal gear andincluding a projecting lobe for tangential sealing engagement with thewall of the circular compartment, an abutment carried by said other endwall and disposed between said gear and said pinion to form intake andexhaust pumping compartments, and yieldable means associated with saidcasing and engaging the peripheral cam contour of said internal gear toform other intake and exhaust pumping compartments.

6. In a pump, a casing comprising a substantially circular compartmenthaving spaced parallel end walls, an internal gear disposed forconcentric rotation in said circular compartment and-supported for freerotation by one of said end walls, a piniondisposed in intermeshingengagement with said internal gear, a drive shaft journaled in the otherofsaid end walls and fixed to'said pinion for rotating the same, and aperipheral cam contour on said internal gear and including a projectinglobe for tangential sealing engagement with the wall'of the circularcompartment, an abutment carried by said other end wall and disposedbetween said gear and said pinion to form intake and exhaust pumpingcompartments, and yieldable means associated with 'said casin andengaging the peripheral cam contour of said internal gear to form otherintake and exhaust pumping compart-. ments,

7. In a pump, a casing having a circular chamber, a circular pistondisposed therein for rotation on an axis concentric with the axis ofsaid chamber to efiect fluid pumping, said piston being of less diameterthan said chamber and eccentrically disposed with respect to its axis ofrotation, the periphery of said piston. being in tan ential sealingengagement with the circular wall of said chamber, yieldable meanscarried by said casing and resiliently movable to engage the peripheryof said piston continuously and slidably to normally form intake andexhaust compartments, passage means for conducting fluid to and fromsaid compartments respectively, an internal gear flxed for rotation withsaid piston and-havinglthe center' of its pitch circle coincident withthe axis of rotation -of said piston, a pinion supported by said casingfor intermeshing engagement with said internal ment and supported by oneof said end walls, a

gear, means-disposed between the gear and the pinion to form secondintake and exhaust compartments, and passage means for conducting fluidto and from said second compartments respectively.

8. A pump comprising a casing havin a sub stantially circular chamber,an abutment movably mounted therein, an abutment operating pistoneccentrically joumaled in the casing for rotation about an axisconcentric with respect to said chamber and having an eccentricabutmeat-engaging periphery operable to cam the abutment out of the pathof the piston during its fluid displacing operation, said piston itselfhaving an internal chamber provided with an internal gear whichisconcentric with said concentric axis, a pinion arranged in theinternal chamber and meshing with the internal gear to cooperate withthe latter in pumping fluid, said casing having a. partition wallextending into the internal chamber t divide the latter into inlet andoutlet sides, and inlet and outlet ports for the two-chambers. 1

9. In a pump, a casing having 'a substantially circular compartment, apiston having a radial wall and an annular wall extending therefrom inan axial direction, a shaft journaled in the pump casing adjacent saidradial wall and engaging the latter to rotatably support the piston,said piston having a peripheral cam contour including a projecting camlobe for tangential sealing engagement with the wall of the circularcompartment, the inner annular wall of said piston comprisin an internalgear, and a pinion meshing with said internal gear and rotatablysupported against the pump casing at the side oppositeto the journalsupport of the piston, means disposed between said gear and said pinionto divide the space therebetween and form intake and exhaust pumpingcompartments, and yieldable means-associated with said casing andcontinuously yieldably engaging the peripheral c'am contour of saidinternal gear to form a pair of pumping compartments, said cam lobebeing rrient withthe wall of the circular compartment,

the inner annular wall of said piston comprising an internal gear, and apinion meshing with said internal gear and rotatably supported againstthe pump casing at the side opposite to the journal support of thepiston, means disposed between said gear and said pinion to divide thespace therebetween and form intake and exhaust pumping compartmentaandyieldable means associated with said casing and continuously yieldablyengaging the peripheral cam contour of said internal gear to form a pairof pumping compartments, said cam lobe being adapted to move saidyieldable means out of its path of movement during its fluid displacingoperation, one of said gears being flxed to its supporting shaft tocomprise drive means for the gear pump and the cam pump.

' 11. A pump comprising a casing having a substantially circularchamber, an abutment movton eccentrically joumaled in the casing forrotation about. an axis concentric with respect to said compartment andhaving an eccentric abutment-engaging periphery operable to cam theabutment out of the path of the piston during its fluid displacingoperation, said piston being in the form of a hollow cylinder having aclosed end to provide a second pump chamber having therein an internalgear which is concentric with said concentric axis, a supporting shaftengaging said closed end and journaled-in a wall of said casing, apinion disposed in the second mentioned chamber and meshing with theinternal gear to cooperate with the latter in pumping mounted in saidcasing, said casing having a partition wall extending into the internalchamber to divide the latter into inlet and outlet sides, and inlet andoutlet ports for the two chambers;

12. A pump comprising a casing having a substantially circular chamber,an abutment movably mounted therein, an abutment operating ably mountedtherein, an abutment operating pispiston eccentrically journaled in thecasing for rotation about an axisconcentric with respect to saidcompartment and having an eccentric abutment-engaging periphery operableto cam l the abutment out of the path of the piston during its fluiddisplacing operation, said piston being in the form of a hollow cylinderhaving a.

10 centric with said concentric axis, a supporting shaft engaging saidclosed endand journaled in a wall of said casing, a pinion disposed inthe second mentioned chamber and meshing with the internal gear tocooperate with the latter in Y5 pumping'fluid, and a supporting shaftfor said fluid, and. a supporting shaft for said pinion pinion mountedin said casing, said casing having a partition wall extending into theinternal chamber to divide the latter into inlet and outlet sides, andinlet and outlet ports for the two cham- 20 here, one of said supportingshafts comprising a

